Solar energy system: the components and subsystems required to convert solar energy into electric or thermal energy suitable for use. Three levels of solar energy system are defined depending on roof versus ground-mounted status and land area.

Caldwell County, NC, regulates solar energy systems based on a three-tier classification that considers whether the system is roof- or ground-mounted and the total land area involved. Setbacks vary by system level, with a general maximum setback of 50 feet, but solar components must be at least 100 feet from any residential unit (excluding security fencing). A 20-foot height limit applies, and buffering is required per the applicable zoning district or development standards. For Level 2 and Level 3 systems, a decommissioning plan must be submitted with the permit application. This plan must include the conditions that will trigger decommissioning, removal of non-utility-owned equipment, property restoration, timeframe for completion, identification of the responsible party, any landowner agreements, and plans for updating the decommissioning strategy.